The current publication considers the main criteria for biomass utilization instead of combustible fossils for the purpose of obtaining biofuels. The advantages of the biomass in comparison with the traditional non-renewable precursor materials have been shown. The results of the properties of walnut shell studies after conventional pyrolysis at the temperatures from 300 °C to 1000 °C are presented. Additionally, have been highlighted the peculiarities of the oxidative pyrolysis process as the first stage of a two stage technology for the production of high-purity carbonaceous materials from biomass. The possibility of obtaining nanomaterials from the biomass has been established, as instance can serve the hazelnut shell. The obtained results allow implementing the production technology for high-purity carbonaceous materials on an industrial scale.
