Browsing by Author "Madzhd, Svitlana"

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Assessment of the ecological status of small rivers in urban areas.
(USEFUL online journal. Discipline: Environmental & Geological, 2018) Pysanko, Yana; Madzhd, Svitlana
Rivers are important components of many urban systems, and research into urban rivers are considerable research. The object of the research is technogenically transformed aquatic ecosystem of small rivers passing through urban areas of Kyiv city. These small rivers are tributaries of the Irpin River. The study used an ecosystem-basin approach, statistical processing of data. The complex research on patterns of their development for the longterm period were made, the quality class of water and indexes characteristic were ostended.
Determination of the dependence of the plant growth characteristics on the concentration of petrochemiscals in the soil
(Journal of Ecological Engineering, 2021) Cherniak, Larysa; Mikhyeyev, Oleksandr; Madzhd, Svitlana; Lapan, Oksana; Dmytrukha, Tetyana; Petrusenko, Valentyna
The peculiarities of sanitary and hygienic rationing of the oil products content in environmental components were analyzed. It was established that the general ecological situation in our country and abroad is unsatisfactory and the issue of finding modern methods of standardizing the quality of environmental components, which would cover the indicators and criteria of their composition and properties, is becoming increasingly urgent. Together, it would ensure ecologically sustainable development of the biosphere in all hierarchical levels of its organization. It was established that such an assessment system does not exist today and therefore, there is no generally accepted universal method for assessing the quality of the environmental components. For this purpose, it is necessary to develop a methodology, in particular a method of biotesting, which will provide a generalized qualitative assessment of the ecological state of the environment, without being based on the quantitative characteristics of the MPC. The possibility of applying a new method of phytotesting of soil that was artificially contaminated with different types of petrochemicals in different concentrations per unit volume of soil using flax seedlings (Linum usitatissimum L.) was investigated. The growth characteristics of the test plants grown on artificially contaminated soil with petroleum products were presented. In the course of research, the possibility of studying the effect of petrochemicals on plants directly in artificially contaminated soil was confirmed. On the basis of the analysis of the obtained results, it was found that when the soil is contaminated with oil products, the aviation fuel has a greater impact on the shoots, whereas gasoline and diesel fuel have a lower impact on the roots in lower concentrations. At higher concentrations, their depressant effect is almost equal.
Development of the Hydrophytic Structure of the Bioplateau Type for the Purification of Water Bodies From 137Cs
(Ecologia Balkanica, 2022) Lapan, Oksana; Mikhyeyev, Oleksandr; Madzhd, Svitlana; Cherniak, Larysa; Maksimenko, Olena
A floating structure of a bioplateau has been developed for the purification of water bodies from the toxic substances, the biotic component of which is terrestrial plants. Chemically inert floating materials were used as a substrate for the construction of the bioplateau: perlite, expanded clay, granular foam, vermiculite, cork. Substrate testing has shown that granular expanded polystyrene is the most optimal for the usage. The study of different options for seed germination in the design of the bioplateau has shown that its placement on the top of the substrate is the best option. The usage of perlite in combination with granular foam had created an additional capillary effect, due to which the seeds germinated at a faster rate. To optimize the hydrophytic structure a grid was used, which made it possible to increase the overall density of the bioplateau. An algorithm for creating a «rolled» plant that is suitable for transportation and placement in the surface water bodies that require purification from toxic substances has been developed. There was done a comparative study of the effectiveness of purification of the aquatic environment from ions of radiocesium bioplate with wheat plants of different varieties. It is confirmed that the efficiency of sorption of 137Cs ions by terrestrial plants is influenced by the nature and concentration of macrocations in the aqueous medium.
Development of the hydrophytic structure of the bioplateau type for the purpose of phytoremediation
(Journal of Radiobiologi and Radiation Safety, 2021) Mikhyeyev, Oleksandr; Lapan, Oksana; Madzhd, Svitlana; Cherniak, Larysa; Dmytrukha, Tetyana
A floating structure of a bioplateau has been developed for the purification of water bodies from the toxic substances, the biotic component of which is terrestrial plants. Chemically inert floating materials were used as a substrate for the construction of the bioplateau: perlite, expanded clay, granular foam, vermiculite, cork. Substrate testing has shown that granular expanded polystyrene is the most optimal for the usage. The study of different options for seed germination in the design of the bioplateau has shown that its placement on the top of the substrate is the best option. The usage of perlite in combination with granular foam had created an additional capillary effect, due to which the seeds germinated at a faster rate. To optimize the hydrophytic structure a grid was used, which made it possible to increase the overall density of the bioplateau. An algorithm for creating a "rolled" plant that is suitable for transportation and placement in the surface water bodies that require purification from toxic substances has been developed.
Development of the hydrophytic structure of the bioplateau typefor the purpose of phytoremediation
(Journal of Radiobiology and Radiation Safety, 2021) Mikhyeyev, Oleksandr; Lapan, Oksana; Madzhd, Svitlana; Cherniak, Larisa; Dmytrukha, Tatyana
A floating structure of a bioplateau has been developed for the purification of water bodies from the toxic substances, the biotic component of which is terrestrial plants. Chemically inert floating materials were used as a substrate for the construction of the bioplateau: perlite, expanded clay, granular foam, vermiculite, cork. Substrate testing has shown that granular expanded polystyrene is the most optimal for the usage. The study of different options for seed germination in the design of the bioplateau has shown that its placement on the top of the substrate is the best option. The usage of perlite in combination with granular foam had created an additional capillary effect, due to which the seeds germinated at a faster rate. To optimize the hydrophytic structure a grid was used, which made it possible to increase the overall density of the bioplateau. An algorithm for creating a "rolled" plant that is suitable for transportation and placement in the surface water bodies that require purification from toxic substances has been developed.
Ecological assessment of the human-transformed systems of the Іrpin river
(Видання НАУ, 2017) Маджд, Світлана Михайлівна; Кулинич, Яна Іванівна; Явнюк, Адріан Адріанович; Madzhd, Svitlana; Kulynych, Yana; Iavniuk, Adrian
Purpose: to learn the interaction of natural and anthropogenic factors and their consequences in the system “Natural environment (Irpin river) – human-transformed environment (Nyvka river)”. Methods: To assess the structural and functional changes of hydroecosystems, transformed under technogenic impact, hydrochemical, toxicological and biological techniques, as well as the methods of mathematical statistics for experimental data processing and summarization of obtained results, were applied. Results: it is proposed to determine the dynamics of the biotic self-regulation mechanism change under impact of the modifying (anthropogenic) factors, by the example of the two-component system – “Natural environment (Irpin River) – environment, transformed under technogenic impact (Nyvka River, the right-hand tributary of the Irpin River)”. It is proposed to extend additionally the opportunities of the ecological assessment due to application of the integrating index – the index of ecological conformity. Discussion: obtained results stipulate necessity of the further investigation of structural and functional patterns of the Irpin River ecosystem in space and time. Assessment of anthropogenic factors impact on hydroecosystem condition will make it possible to correct the nature guard activity concerning the improvement of the fishery object ecological condition and recreation essence of the Irpin River. Integration of the Nyvka and Irpin Rivers into a single system “Natural environment – environment, transformed under technogenic impact” will make it possible to obtain the objective assessment of technogenic changes in hydroecosystems. Implementation of the index of ecological conformity will make it possible to estimate completely the inner processes in the rivers. Keywords: ecological conformity indices; ecological indices; features of ecological indices; hydroecosystem; mechanism of biotic self-regulation; structural and functional properties.
Environmental pollution in the airport impact area–case study of the Boryspil
(Environmental Problems, 2020) Radomska, Marharyta; Cherniak, Larysa; Madzhd, Svitlana; Mikhyeyev, Oleksandr
The paper presents the analysis of soil and phytomass contamination due to the functioning of air transport. The major issues revealed include extremely high level of soil contamination with petroleum products and an increased content of heavy metals both in soil and phytomass. The toxicity testing has demonstrated considerable pathogenic potential of soil from the airport area.
Environmental pollution in the airport impact area–case study of the Boryspil international airport
(Environmental Problems., 2020) Radomska, Margaryta; Madzhd, Svitlana; Cherniak, Larysa; Mikhyeyev, Oleksandr; Радомська, Маргарита; Маджд, Світлана; Черняк, Лариса; Міхєєв, Олександа
The paper presents the analysis of soil and phytomass contamination due to the functioning of air transport. The major issues revealed include extremely high level of soil contamination with petroleum products and an increased content of heavy metals both in soil and phytomass. The toxicity testing has demonstrated considerable pathogenic potential of soil from the airport area.
Environmental safety improvement of surface and ground water Contamination at the airport area
(National Aviation University, 2016) Madzhd, Svitlana
Taking into account that the airport "Kyiv" is located in one of the central districts of Kyiv and does not have clearly established sanitary protection zones, the problem of environmental pollution is topical and requires monitoring and research. In order to improve environmental compliance we made assessment of superficial and ground water quality in airport zone. Methods: Water quality was estimated by the biotesting method, hydrochemical analysis, and by oil products detection method. Results We performed analysis of wastewaters of airport “Kyiv” and superficial waters of river Nyvka. The samples took place: above the airport drainage, in the drainage place and below drainage place. We conducted assessment of ground waters, which are sources of water supply, on different distance from an airport (20 m, 500 m, 1000 m, 1500 min). Results of hydrochemical investigations of river indicated excess of nitrogen compounds content compare to regulatory discharge. Thus, it was defined excess of ammonia nitrogen in wastewaters in three times and in place of dispersion – in ten times; the content of nitrite nitrogen in the river sample after discharge exceeds in 22 times norm. Analysis of drinking water in airport zone has showed extremely high level of pollution by nitrite nitrogen exceeding norm in 7-17 times. After analysis it was defined high level of river pollution by oil products (in 26-32 times higher than MPC), and ground water in 1, 5-2 times. Results of biotesting confirmed data of hydrochemical investigations of superficial water state (acute toxicity was observed in drainage area and in place of drainage dispersion). Discussion: Increased content of nitrite indicates the strengthening of decomposition process of organic matter in conditions of slower oxidation of NO−2 into NO −3 . This parameter is major sanitary indicator which indicates pollution of water body. High content of such specific pollutant for aviation transport processes as oil products indicates negative impact of airports on superficial and ground waters. Complex usage of hudrochemical and biotesting methods has increased accuracy ofm assessment. So, the most effective method for assessment of possible hazard of some sources for water flora and fauna is biotesting, which is based on registration of test objects reactions
Experimental foundations of a new method for rhizofiltration treatment of aqueous ecosystems from 137 Cs
(Journal of water chemistry and technology, 2017) Mikheev, Oleksandr; Lapan, Oksana; Madzhd, Svitlana; Міхєєв, Олександр; Лапань, Оксана; Маджд, Світлана
A mobile design of bioplateau has been developed for aqueous media treatment from radionuclides. The biotic component of bioplateau consists of land plants. The screening of promising species of higher land plants was conducted, and their capacity to accumulate 137Cs ions was determined experimentally under conditions of water culture. This capacity was compared with the accumulating capacity of aquatic macrophytes. A set of experiments with several types of substrates for seed sprouting and growth of higher land plants was conducted under the aquaculture conditions. Mini-bioplateaus were designed and their absorbing capacity in relation to radiocesium was determined.
Modern means of assessing the impact of emergencies on the environmental condition of the ground layer of atmosphere
(Web of Conferences, 2021) Turevych, Anastasiia; Madzhd, Svitlana; Cherniak, Larysa; Pavlyuk, Anatoliy; Ojeh, Vincent
The problem of emergencies will not leave humanity as long as it exists, and therefore it is necessary to at least create conditions under which it is possible to reduce the risks of injuries, diseases and deaths of people who are in the emergency zone. This can be achieved by raising awareness of the nature of the emergency, the hazardous substances that are released in connection with it. Theoretical analysis of various remote means of assessing the impact of emergencies of man-made areas on the ecological state of the atmospheric air of the surrounding areas. It has been found that the use of remote sensing equipment greatly simplifies the procedure of operational monitoring of the environment during emergencies, as well as contributes to the health of professionals. A comparison of different remote means of environmental monitoring of air quality was performed: In particular, stationary automatic stations, mobile automatic stations, probes, and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) were compared. It is proposed to use UAVs as remote means of operational monitoring of air quality. The functional scheme of UAV system implementation for the needs of operative ecological monitoring is offered. The legal features of the use of unmanned aerial vehicles as remote means of monitoring air quality during emergencies are analyzed.
Modern means of assessing the impact of emergencies on the environmental condition of the ground layer of atmosphere
(Web of Conferences, 2021) Turevych, Anastasiia; Madzhd, Svitlana; Cherniak, Larysa; Pavlyuk, Anatoliy; Ojeh, Vincent
The problem of emergencies will not leave humanity as long as it exists, and therefore it is necessary to at least create conditions under which it is possible to reduce the risks of injuries, diseases and deaths of people who are in the emergency zone. This can be achieved by raising awareness of the nature of the emergency, the hazardous substances that are released in connection with it. Theoretical analysis of various remote means of assessing the impact of emergencies of man-made areas on the ecological state of the atmospheric air of the surrounding areas. It has been found that the use of remote sensing equipment greatly simplifies the procedure of operational monitoring of the environment during emergencies, as well as contributes to the health of professionals. A comparison of different remote means of environmental monitoring of air quality was performed: In particular, stationary automatic stations, mobile automatic stations, probes, and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) were compared. It is proposed to use UAVs as remote means of operational monitoring of air quality. The functional scheme of UAV system implementation for the needs of operative ecological monitoring is offered. The legal features of the use of unmanned aerial vehicles as remote means of monitoring air quality during emergencies are analyzed.
The assessment of the filling stations impact on the environment
(National Aviation University, 2020) Cherniak, Larysa; Radomska, Margaryta; Madzhd, Svitlana; Hryb, Alina; Pavliukh, Lesia
The work is devoted to the environmental impacts of the filling station. Authors have shown that of pollutants, emitted from the filling station, are toxic substances, which often cause irreversible damage to the organism, including functional and system disorders, acute and chronic non-specific and specific effects. The analysis of soil acidity at typical gas stations was carried out, as well as sumpling in the area of filling stations operation. For determination the soils acidity samples were taken at 8 filling stations. Most of the analyzed sites have a soil reaction close to neutral, indicating the presence of pollution with petrochemicals. The drilling results show that there is a serious factor of soil pollution in the operation of filling station. As a result of the analysis of possible impacts at the filling station, recommendations were made for reducing their
The conditions and factors for the formation of environmentally dangerous internal processes in water in technogenically loaded territories
(Національний авіаційний університет, 2018) Madzhd, Svitlana
The conditions for structural and functional changes in technogenically transformed water systems under intensive influence of civil aviation enterprises were analyzed. The conditions for the formation of ecologically dangerous processes in water, which are the reason for the fact that technogenically transformed water ecosystems lose self-cleaning and self-regeneration ability, were revealed.
The evolution of radioresistance
(Laboratory of Radiation Safety Problems, 2022) Mikhyeyev, Oleksandr; Lapan, Oksana; Madzhd, Svitlana
The relationship between the information capacity of the eukaryotic genome and the potential for epigenetic variability is shown. The progressive evolution of the genome is due to the need to increase the information capacity of the genome and improve genetic reliability systems to ensure a stable operation of the growing genetic apparatus of prokaryotic organisms.
THE PREVENTION OF WATER RESOURCES QUALITY DEPLETION IN THE COTEXT OF SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT
(International Symposium on Sustainable Aviation 2017 ISSA: Sares Aviation Week 2017,, 2017) Isaienko, Volodymyr; Nikolaev, Kyrylo; Madzhd, Svitlana
The usage of plant test systems for the determination of phytotoxicity of contaminated with petroleum products soil
(Journal of Ecological Engineering, 2021) Cherniak, Larysa; Mikhyeyev, Oleksandr; Madzhd, Svitlana; Lapan, Oksana; Dmytrukha, Tetyana; Korniienko, Iryna
The level of phytotoxicity of the soil samples artificially contaminated with the aviation kerosene was determined in the work. The dependences of the growth characteristics of the plant test system (flax) on the excess of the approximate permissible concentrations (APC) of the oil product concentration in the soil were identified. The change in the mass of raw material depending on the level of aviation kerosene contamination of soil samples was determined. A decrease in the plant growth activity with an increase in the content of aviation fuel in the soil was established. It was found that there is a hormesis effect at certain concentrations of aviation kerosene in the soil. The comparison of the concentration dependences of the action of petroleum products on the growth rates of seedlings and their dependence on the distance to the source of pollution allowed in the latter case to conduct a kind of “dosimetry” on exposure concentrations when the petroleum product concentration was not determined.
Water Purification from Ions of Cadmium (II) Using a Bio-Plateau
(Journal of Ecological Engineering, 2019) Lapan, Oksana; Mikhyeyev, Oleksandr; Madzhd, Svitlana; Dmytrukha, Tetyana; Cherniak, Larysa; Petrusenko, Valentyna
The study was conducted with the purpose of experimentally developing the method of water purification from ions of cadmium (II) using a new design of a bio-plateau, which is based on the use of terrestrial plants. In order to construct the bio–plateau, the following chemically inert floating materials were used as the substrate: perlite, expanded clay, granular foam, vermiculite, cork, on top of which the seeds of higher terrestrial plants were placed. The experimental data showed that foam was the best of the tested substrates, and of plants – barley, oats, corn and rye. The constructed bio-plateau was placed into tanks with a solution of cadmium on the 9th day of incubation to study the cleaning efficiency of terrestrial plants on the aquatic environment. Determination of the residual concentration of cadmium was performed with the method of AAC at λ=228.8. As a result, it was found that rye showed the best sorption properties of the tested plants. The influence of additional aeration and pH of the medium on the degree of water purification was established. The highest treatment efficiency was observed in the variant of a bio-plateau with aeration and at a pH of 8–9. The study shows the possibility of using terrestrial plants for the phytoremediation of water bodies.
Вивчення впливу гіпертермічної обробки насіння салату та хімічного забруднення ґрунту на ростові показники проростків
(Кременчуцький національний університет імені Михайла Остроградського, 2021) Черняк, Лариса; Міхєєв, Олександр; Маджд, Світлана; Дмитруха, Тетяна; Лапань, Оксана; Cherniak, Larysa; Mikhyeyev, Oleksandr; Madzhd, Svitlana; Dmitrukha, Tetayna; Lapan, Oksana
Роботу присвячено встановленню впливу гіпертермічної обробки насіння салату та хімічного забруднення у ґрунті на ростові показники проростків. Зокрема, визначено рівень впливу декількох факторів на ростові харак-теристики салату, що використовується для біотестування ґрунту, забрудненого нафтопродуктами. У роботі досліджено вплив гіпертермічної обробки насіння салату насіння салату та хімічного забруднення ґрунту на ростові показники проростків. У якості хімічного забруднення використано авіаційний керосин у різній конце-нтрації по відношенню до орієнтовно допустимої концентрації вмісту нафтопродуктів у ґрунті. У результаті аналізу отриманих нами експериментальних даних встановлено, що для мінімальної концент-рації нафтопродукту у ґрунті, що використовувалась при досліджені (1 ОДК для авіаційного керосину), мож-лива сенсибілізуюча дія додаткового впливу іншого за своєю природою фактору – гіпертермії. А також, вияв-лено стимулюючу дія нафтопродукту на ростові характеристики біотесту, за певних концентрацій у ґрунті. Ця обставина потребує вдосконалення практики визначення ОДК, оскільки в реальних умовах об’єкти піддаються дії комплексу факторів, негативна дія яких може взаємопідсилюватись.
Використання математичного планування експерименту для кількісної оцінки методу фіторемедіаційного відновлення ґрунтів, забруднених нафтопродуктами
(Дніпровський державний технічний університет, 2023) Черняк, Лариса Миколаївна; Міхєєв, Олександр Миколайович; Маджд, Світлана Михайлівна; Дмитруха, Тетяна Іллівна; Петрусенко, Валентина Павлівна; Лапань, Оксана Володимирівна; Cherniak, Larysa; Mikhyeyev, Olexandr; Madzhd, Svitlana; Dmytrukha, Tetiana; Petrusenko, Valentyna; Lapan, Oksana
У статті наведено результати дослідження якості відновлення ґрунтів на основі методу фіторемедіації. Проаналізовано негативний та позитивний впливи цього методу відновлення ґрунтів, забруднених нафтопродуктами, на основі двофакторного аналізу експерименту. Наведено залежності цих впливів у вигляді регресійних рівняь для досліджуваних проб ґрунту.