Кваліфікаційні роботи здобувачів вищої освіти кафедри авіоніки та систем управління

Permanent URI for this collectionhttp://er.nau.edu.ua/handle/NAU/58725

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A system for generating training samples in semi-supervised learning tasks based on generative-competitive networks
(National Aviation University, 2023-12-27) Trotsiuk, Denys; Троцюк, Денис Олександрович
In today's world of rapid technological development, artificial intelligence (AI) is taking a special place, being implemented in various areas of human activity, ranging from industrial automation to creative professions. Among the areas of AI research, generative adversarial networks (GANs) have proven to be a promising tool for generating new data that mimics real-world patterns. GANs play a key role in the development of machine learning, in particular, in image synthesis, natural language processing, music creation, and other tasks. The relevance of the research topic is due to the rapid development of neural networks and the need to create efficient and reliable systems that can adapt to changing production conditions and market needs. Despite the large number of studies in this area, the structural-parametric synthesis of ANNs still requires in-depth study to optimize the network training process and improve the quality of the generated data. The purpose of this master's thesis is to develop structural-parametric synthesis methods for optimizing GANs, which will improve the accuracy and diversification of the generated data. As part of the work, the author of the master's thesis investigated the following aspects: analysis of existing GAN architectures, development of new methods of structural synthesis and parametric optimization, experimental verification of the developed methods on real data. The object of research is generatively adversarial networks, and the subject is methods of their structural and parametric synthesis. In the course of the work, the author used such research methods as analysis of scientific literature, computer modeling, experimental methods, and statistical data processing. As a result of the work, it is expected to obtain a model of GAN with improved characteristics, which will expand the possibilities of their practical use in various fields, such as visual art, design automation, game development, and other areas where it is necessary to generate high-quality content.
Aircraft fuel measuring system based on pressure sensors
(National Aviation University, 2024-06-13) Duka, Yrii Serhiyovych; Дука, Юрій Сергійович
The use of a hydrostatic sensor in the fuel measuring system during maneuvering of the aircraft made it possible to achieve more accurate and reliable measurements in contrast to other methods of estimating the remaining fuel. The developed system allows you to effectively take into account the influence of various factors, such as pressure, temperature, flight altitude, changes in the position of the aircraft during movement on the determination of the remaining fuel. The results of the work can be used in the practical activities of airlines to optimize the fuel measuring system and improve flight safety. Further research can be aimed at improving technical solutions and expanding the capabilities of the system in different operating conditions of the aircraft.
An intelligent mobile search system
(National Aviation University, 2024-06-15) Koval, Maksym Anatoliyovych; Коваль, Максим Анатолійович
The field of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data processing has experienced significant advancements in recent years, completely transforming the way we collect and interpret information for a wide range of applications. SAR data, obtained through radar sensors, plays a crucial role in environmental monitoring, disaster management, urban planning, and various other domains. The exceptional capabilities of SAR technology, including all-weather imaging and high-resolution data collection, have made it an invaluable tool for extracting valuable insights from remote sensing data. We explore the intricate process of SAR data collection, storage, processing, and interpretation, shedding light on the complexities and challenges associated with harnessing the full potential of SAR observations. By gaining a deep understanding of the underlying methodologies and technologies that drive SAR data processing systems, we can truly appreciate the transformative impact of SAR technology on diverse fields. The chapter takes us through the evolution of SAR data processing systems, emphasizing the role of machine learning algorithms, artificial intelligence techniques, and user interfaces in enhancing the efficiency and accuracy of data analysis. We examine the critical role of anomaly detection in environmental monitoring and disaster response, highlighting the significance of early detection and mitigation of potential threats through advanced SAR data processing methods.
An intelligent system for detection and classification of anomalous objects
(National Aviation University, 2024-06-14) Kulakevych, Illia Vitaliyovych; Кулакевич, Ілля Віталійович
The current state of the art in security and environmental protection technologies requires continuous improvement of methods for detecting and classifying anomalous objects. Anomalies, such as environmental pollution, oil spills, illegal logging, or potential explosive devices, can have serious consequences for the environment and public safety. Traditional methods, such as metal detectors and X-ray scanners, have limited effectiveness in difficult environments. For example, they are often unable to detect sophisticated explosive devices that can be made of non-metallic materials or disguised as ordinary objects. Also, these methods are often ineffective in detecting environmental anomalies, such as oil spills or water pollution. One of the most promising areas in this field is the use of hyperspectral cameras, which allow analyzing objects in a wide range of electromagnetic radiation. Hyperspectral images contain much more information than traditional color or monochrome images, which opens up new opportunities for identifying and classifying materials based on their spectral characteristics. This is especially important for tasks requiring high identification accuracy, such as detecting environmental contamination or security threats. The relevance of this topic is due to the need to improve the efficiency of methods for detecting anomalies that are critical to environmental safety and public security. To date, research in this area has shown that the use of hyperspectral imagery can significantly improve the accuracy of anomaly identification. However, existing methods of hyperspectral image processing require further improvement, in particular in the direction of automating data analysis and using modern machine learning algorithms. The innovation of this work is the development of an intelligent system for detecting and classifying anomalous objects based on hyperspectral images, which will use advanced neural network methods for data processing and analysis. This will increase the speed and accuracy of detecting potentially hazardous objects, which is extremely important for preventing environmental disasters, terrorist attacks, and ensuring public safety. The aim of this work is to develop an intelligent system for detecting and classifying anomalous objects based on hyperspectral images.
An intelligent system for predicting the need to replace aircraft parts based on transformers
(National Aviation University, 2024-06-15) Dziuba, Andrii Olegovych; Дзюба, Андрій Олегович
This study centers on crafting and implementing an intelligent framework for anticipating aviation part replacements through transformer models. Transformers, a sophisticated class of deep learning models celebrated for their exceptional performance in natural language processing, have recently demonstrated significant potential in diverse predictive assignments. Leveraging transformers, this study strives to establish an advanced predictive maintenance system adept at precisely forecasting optimal part replacement timings. The proposed system is tailored to scrutinize extensive operational and sensor data from aircraft, identifying pre-failure patterns and irregularities. By foreseeing part replacement probabilities and schedules, the system can aid airlines and maintenance crews in refining their maintenance calendars, curtailing downtime, and curbing expenses. Furthermore, this methodology aligns with the industry's progression towards predictive maintenance, emphasizing data-centric decision-making to enhance operational efficiency and safety.
An Intelligent technology for predicting aircraft trajectories at the airfield
(National Aviation University, 2024-06-13) Baherian, Serhii Viktorovych; Багерян, Сергій Вікторович
In the course of the work, the work algorithms of the most famous methods were analyzed. Also, popular software systems were considered and it was established that each of the above-mentioned lost products has advantages and certain disadvantages, which were taken into account when creating a comprehensive approach and improving the algorithm for improving the system. The practical value of the results of the work covers a wide range of applications in the field of aviation, which contributes to the improvement of safety, efficiency and innovation in this field and consists in the study of the best algorithms for predicting the trajectories of airplanes on airfields based on transformative neural networks. The results of the study can serve as a basis for the development of decision support systems for controllers and operators at airports, which will help them solve complex situations and optimize work processes. The results of the research can be used for the development of autonomous air traffic control systems at airports, which has the potential to reduce the burden on the human factor and increase the efficiency of operations. The obtained models and methods can be used in research and training in the field of aviation technology and engineering in preventing accidents and reducing the risk of collisions at airfields.
An unmanned aerial vehicle for searching for victims in emergency situations
(National Aviation University, 2024-06-13) Liashenko, Volodymyr Oleksandrovych; Ляшенко, Володимир Олександрович
The main objective of this work is to analyze the efficiency of using unmanned aviation systems in search and rescue operations. Presently, Ukraine encounters a significant number of emergency situations leading to a high number of casualties and fatalities, underscoring the necessity and relevance of search and rescue operations. This type of work is pivotal and falls within the realm of emergency response efforts. Additional measures are devised each year to enhance safety, conduct briefings at potentially dangerous sites, and patrol high-risk areas. However, emergency situations often occur uncontrollably, impacting the number of casualties and affected individuals. Search and rescue operations represent some of the most critical activities conducted by rescue services globally. The primary objective of such operations is to locate, rescue, and provide emergency medical assistance to casualties. Search and rescue teams carry out these operations using both ground and aviation equipment. The advancement of modern technologies significantly enhances efficiency and optimizes the process of searching for and rescuing casualties at all stages. One modern solution is the use of unmanned aerial vehicles during search and rescue operations. The utilization of unmanned aerial vehicles, instead of manned aircraft, shows promise and effectiveness. Unmanned aviation systems are a modern development that remains insufficiently researched. However, in recent years, the application of unmanned aviation systems has rapidly expanded in both civilian and military aviation sectors.
Analysis of the effectiveness of the operational indicators of the early warning system of the approach of the ground
(State University "Kyiv Aviation Institute", 2025) Karas Oleh; Карась Олег Андрійович
Flight safety is one of the most priority tasks of modern aviation. Despite significant achievements in the field of aviation technology and automated flight control systems, the problem of preventing aircraft collisions with the ground or obstacles remains relevant. This is especially true for flights in difficult weather conditions, mountainous terrain and in conditions of limited visibility, when the risk of an emergency situation increases due to spatial disorientation of the crew or untimely detection of danger. Early warning systems for approaching the ground (EGPWS - Enhanced Ground Proximity Warning System) are one of the key means of reducing the risk of accidents such as CFIT (Controlled Flight Into Terrain), i.e. controlled flight into the ground. It is thanks to these systems that it is possible to warn the crew in advance about potential danger and take the necessary measures to avoid a collision. However, the effectiveness of such systems depends not only on their technical characteristics, but also on operating conditions, timely maintenance and adequate response of the crew to system signals. Безпека польотів є одним із найпріоритетніших завдань сучасної авіації. Незважаючи на значні досягнення в галузі авіаційної техніки та автоматизованих систем управління польотами, проблема запобігання зіткненням літаків із землею або перешкодами залишається актуальною. Особливо це стосується польотів у складних погодних умовах, гірській місцевості та в умовах обмеженої видимості, коли ризик виникнення аварійної ситуації зростає через просторову дезорієнтацію екіпажу або несвоєчасне виявлення небезпеки. Системи раннього попередження про наближення до землі (EGPWS - покращена система попередження про наближення до землі) є одним із ключових засобів зниження ризику аварій типу CFIT (керований політ у зону зіткнення з землею), тобто керований політ у землю. Саме завдяки цим системам можна завчасно попередити екіпаж про потенційну небезпеку та вжити необхідних заходів для уникнення зіткнення. Однак ефективність таких систем залежить не лише від їх технічних характеристик, але й від умов експлуатації, своєчасного технічного обслуговування та адекватної реакції екіпажу на сигнали системи.
Automated design system of a small space vehicle state observer
(National Aviation University, 2022-11-23) Shkramko, Denys; Шкрамко, Денис Миколайович
Today, SSVs (monitoring, information gathering, terrain observation, etc.) have gained considerable popularity. To perform the assigned tasks, payloads and on-board equipment are installed on the SSV. The main problem when using SSV is to ensure control accuracy. Since the orientation and stabilization systems of the SSV should include amplifiers, control units, orientation sensors, executive bodies, when creating the SSV, it is necessary to make a decision on the choice of a highly efficient OSS, taking into account the limitations on their energy consumption, dimensions, weight and cost. On the other hand, not all SSVs will have to return to Earth after completing their assigned tasks. And these are additional costs for the production of equipment for the creation of new samples of the SSV. In this regard, with the aim of reducing the weight and dimensions indicators of the SSV, increasing their reliability and reducing the cost of components, a promising direction of SSV development may be the creation of automated orientation and stabilization systems (AOSS) with the use of condition monitors. Since the composition and technical performance of the basic components of the SSV control systems can be very different, it is advisable to use automated systems.
Automated design system of the extreme power regulator of solar batteries
(National Aviation University, 2022-11-23) Rud, Andriy; Рудь, Андрій Андрійович
An extreme regulator for a solar battery during operation in outer space conditions has been studied. The structure of сomputer-aided design, mathematical and software for the automated design of the regulator of the proposed system of automatic control of the power of the solar batteries of the space vehicle has been developed.A study was conducted, based on the results of which a system of extreme power control was chosen, since SARs of this type have a number of significant advantages for the given task. The developed сomputer-aided design allows designing an extremum search controller by the method of synchronous detection, as well as a system with control based on the deviation from zero of the derivative of the regulated coordinate based on the control effect of the control object.
Automated microclimate control system for the passenger cabin of an aircraft
(National Aviation University, 2024-06-13) Klymenko, Oleksandr Andriyovych; Клименко, Олександр Андрійович
In an era where air travel has become an indispensable mode of transportation, ensuring the comfort and well-being of passengers during flights is a critical priority for airlines and aviation authorities worldwide. Central to this endeavor is the management of the microclimate within the aircraft cabin, which encompasses a multitude of environmental factors that directly impact passengers' comfort and overall experience. The concept of microclimate in the aircraft cabin refers to the localized atmospheric conditions that passengers encounter during their journey. It encompasses a dynamic interplay of variables, including temperature, humidity, airflow patterns, air quality, and radiation exposure, all of which must be carefully controlled to create a conducive environment for passengers. Passenger comfort is not merely a luxury but a fundamental aspect of aviation safety and efficiency. Discomfort or distress experienced by passengers can lead to reduced cognitive function, compromised decision-making abilities, and even physiological stress responses, all of which may pose risks to the safety of the flight. Therefore, effective microclimate control systems are essential to maintain optimal conditions within the cabin and ensure the well-being of passengers throughout their journey. Furthermore, the significance of microclimate control extends beyond passenger comfort to encompass broader considerations such as health, hygiene, and disease prevention. In the context of the ongoing COVID-19 pandemic, the importance of maintaining clean and healthy cabin environments has been underscored, with enhanced ventilation, air filtration, and sanitation measures becoming critical components of aviation safety protocols.
Automated residential heating system with increased energy efficiency
(National Aviation University, 2023-12-27) Mizernyi, Ruslan; Мізерний, Руслан Олексійович
Recognizing the need for energy-efficient heating solutions, automated systems emerge as a promising avenue to address these challenges. Automated residential heating systems leverage advanced technologies, such as smart sensors, machine learning algorithms, and Internet of Things (IoT) connectivity, to optimize the heating process. These systems can intelligently adapt to the occupants' preferences, weather conditions, and the thermal characteristics of the building, resulting in more precise and efficient heating. By automating various aspects of the heating process, these systems not only enhance user comfort but also contribute significantly to reducing energy consumption and, consequently, lowering utility bills. In this qualification work, we will delve into the key features and benefits of automated residential heating systems, exploring how they enhance energy efficiency, provide cost savings, and contribute to a more sustainable and environmentally friendly approach to home heating. Additionally, we will examine the current landscape of such technologies, discussing their potential impact on residential energy consumption and the broader implications for a greener and more efficient future.
Automated spare parts supply management system for an aviation company
(National Aviation University, 2024-06-13) Hrytsenko, Myroslav Volodymyrovych; Гриценко, Мирослав Володимирович
In the course of work, the existing spare parts supply management systems were analyzed, their shortcomings and opportunities for improvement were identified. Algorithms for demand forecasting and inventory management were developed and implemented in MATLAB. Several graphs were created to visualize the current state of inventory, projected needs, and historical data with a trend line. The results of the work can be used to implement an automated spare parts supply management system at aviation enterprises. Such a system will improve the efficiency of inventory management, reduce inventory maintenance costs, and improve customer service. Code development and process modeling were carried out using MATLAB.
Automated system for improving the energy efficiency of maintenance facilities
(National Aviation University, 2024-06-13) Fedorets, Boris Sergiyovych; Федорець, Борис Сергійович
The objective of this thesis is to design, develop, and evaluate an automated system for improving the energy efficiency of maintenance facilities. The subject of this thesis is the development and evaluation of an automated system designed to improve the energy efficiency of maintenance facilities. This encompasses the exploration and implementation of advanced technologies, methodologies, and algorithms aimed at optimizing energy usage and reducing operational costs while maintaining or enhancing operational performance and occupant comfort. The aim of this qualification work is to design, develop, implement, and evaluate an automated system specifically tailored to improve the energy efficiency of maintenance facilities. The research method for this qualification work encompasses a comprehensive approach that includes system design, development, implementation, data collection, analysis, and evaluation. The theoretical research for this qualification work delves into the underlying principles, theories, and models that inform the design and implementation of an automated system aimed at improving energy efficiency in maintenance facilities. Research Results- The automated system for improving energy efficiency in maintenance facilities was successfully developed and implemented. Recommendations Continuously optimize energy use, provide user training, plan for scalability, monitor long-term performance, ensure regulatory compliance, foster collaboration, and invest in research for ongoing innovation.
Automated system for preparing printed circuit boards based on a laser engraver
(National Aviation University, 2024-06-14) Salmi, Mykola Olehovych; Сальмі, Микола Олегович
In today's world of electronics and technology, printed circuit boards play a key role in the functioning of various devices. From simple household appliances to complex industrial systems – printed circuit boards are the basis for placing and connecting electronic components. With the growing demand for electronic devices and increasing their functionality, there is a need for fast and efficient production of printed circuit boards. Traditional PCB manufacturing methods, such as chemical etching and mechanical milling, have certain drawbacks. Chemical etching requires the use of hazardous substances, which can have a negative impact on the environment and human health. Mechanical milling, in turn, has limitations regarding the complexity and accuracy of printed circuit boards. Therefore, it is urgent to search for alternative methods of manufacturing printed circuit boards that would ensure high accuracy, speed and environmental friendliness of the process. One of the promising directions in the production of printed circuit boards is the use of laser technologies. Laser engraving allows you to achieve high accuracy and speed of manufacturing printed circuit boards, while reducing the impact on the environment. Automation of the process of preparing printed circuit boards on the basis of a laser engraver allows to significantly increase the efficiency and productivity of production.
Automated system of production line management with usage of programmable logic controllers
(National Aviation University, 2023-06-23) Karatsuipa, Vladyslav; Карацюпа, Владислав Богданович
Modern manufacturing processes are becoming more complex and diverse, requiring efficient and precise control to achieve high productivity and quality. Automation is a crucial factor in ensuring the optimal functioning of production lines, allowing businesses to achieve a competitive advantage in the market. One of the most important components of production process automation is the use of programmable logic controllers (PLCs). PLCs are specialized electronic devices designed to control and monitor automated systems. They provide fast and reliable execution of programs that control the operation of production lines, monitor the status of equipment, control parameters, and respond to changes in production processes. The purpose of this thesis is to develop and implement an automated production line control system using programmable logic controllers. The main focus is on determining the optimal system architecture, programming the PLC, connecting sensors and actuators, as well as testing and debugging the system. The result of the work will be an efficient and reliable automated control system that ensures optimal productivity and production quality. The importance of this thesis lies in solving urgent problems of automation of production processes and implementation of modern management technologies at the enterprise. Automation of production lines using PLCs can increase productivity, reduce labor costs, minimize errors, and provide more precise control over production processes. This has a significant impact on the competitiveness of the enterprise and its ability to meet market demands. This work includes analysis of the production process, selection of the optimal programmable logic controller, control system design, software development, connection of sensors and actuators, testing and debugging of the system, and implementation and support of the system. The results of this work are expected to improve the efficiency and productivity of the production line, as well as help solve a number of problems that arise in the production process. The following discussion will describe in detail the steps and stages of implementing an automated production line control system using programmable logic controllers. This work is important for the further development of production automation and the introduction of modern management technologies at enterprises of various sizes.
Automatic control system of an unmanned aerial vehicle with a variable structure
(National Aviation University, 2022-11-23) Maksymchuk, Mykhailo; Максимчук, Михайло Вікторович
The existing approach to information support for the flight of small and miniature unmanned aerial vehicles is based on the use of inertial satellite navigation systems as the main source of information about flight and navigation parameters. However, with this approach, there is a threat of loss of flight information support in the presence of strong radio interference. At the same time, the loss of information about the parameters of the angular orientation, in particular about the angles of roll and pitch, can lead to the loss of the unmanned aerial vehicle itself. And in the absence of navigational information from the satellite navigation system, only a rough micromechanical inertial navigation system is not able to ensure that the unmanned aerial vehicle leaves the zone of radio interference and returns to the starting point. A number of alternative methods for measuring roll and pitch angles, such as pyrometric or magnetometry methods, can be used to store attitude information. Another solution the joint processing of signals from accelerometers and platformless inertial navigation system gyroscopes. For this purpose, various variants of algorithms for complexing this information are being developed, for example, the so-called complementary filters or Kalman filtering algorithms. To solve navigation problems in the absence of information from the satellite navigation system, unmanned aerial vehicle navigation system is usually switched to the aerometric dead reckoning mode. Other approaches to solving navigation problems are also proposed, for example, visual odometry based on information from the onboard unmanned aerial vehicle webcam. Thus, research aimed at improving the reliability of unmanned aerial vehicle flight information support, reducing the risk of its loss, is very relevant.
Automatic control system of mirror orientation of solar electric power station
(National aviation university, 2020-12-23) Дьячин, Артем Олексійович
The solar battery is the generator of alternative types of energy turning solar radiation into electricity. Solar energy is inexhaustible and that is very important, - is ecologically safe. In fact, the only essential lack of receiving energy from the Sun is the low efficiency of such installations. For example, now the efficiency of the solar battery on the basis of single-crystal silicon about 15%. What does the efficiency of a solar power plant depend on? It is natural that from many more or less significant factors, but the basic from them is orientation of battery cells concerning a radiation source (Sun). Such fact is absolutely obvious: rigidly fixed solar battery configured to the midday sun develops the maximum quantity of energy at noon when sunshine fall perpendicularly to its surface. And what occurs in other time? The incidence angle of beams on the battery is small, and the amount of the developed energy sharply decreases. And each user wants that its solar power plant developed equally high amount of energy throughout the day. And it can be reached! Illumination of solar batteries should be supported at optimum level. The various systems of tracking — from protozoa analog to analog and digital are developed for maintenance of this level. The system of tracking the sun is a device for orientation of the photovoltaic solar array or for deduction of the solar reflector turned to the Sun.
Automatic DC motor control system with PI speed neuroregulator
(National Aviation University, 2021-06-16) Білай, Єлизавета Сергіївна; Bilai, Y. S.
Дослідження нейронних мереж зробило перспективний розвиток за останні роки, і нейронні мережі стали популярною темою, особливо в галузі досліджень штучного інтелекту. Це особливо стосується того, що за допомогою нейронних мереж, можуть бути розроблені системи штучного інтелекту, які базуються на принципі навчання людини і моделюються на основі обробки інформації нервовою системою. У той же час, це відносно складна і абстрактна область досліджень, яку дуже важко зрозуміти новачкові в цій галузі. Як наслідок, ця важлива та перспективна сфера ще недостатньо поширена, особливо в промисловому секторі. Кілька років досліджень дали уявлення про архітектуру та характеристики людського мозку як системи керування і показали, що контролер з нейронними мережами має значні переваги перед звичайними контролерами. Нейроконтролер може ефективно обробляти набагато більший обсяг інформації. Ще одна дуже важлива перевага полягає в тому, що хорошого регулювання можна досягти, вивчивши його. У цій дипломній роботі слід розробити стажувальний експеримент для вивчення ефективності роботи нейроконтролерів у нелінійних електроприводних системах. Для цього призначені дві системи приводу з каскадним регулюванням швидкості. Сухе тертя відзначається в одній із цих систем, а сухе і в’язке тертя - в іншій. Для контрольованої системи кожної системи додана зворотна нейро-модель. Тоді отримана зворотна нейромодель вбудована в систему за методом “Прямий зворотний контроль” і використовується як регулятор швидкості. Функція передачі послідовного з'єднання зворотної моделі та керованої системи повинна прагнути до такої у використаному методі. Таким чином, можуть бути компенсовані наявні нелінійності в системі.
Automatic flight control system of cargo quadcopter
(National Aviation University, 2022-11-23) Huliuk, Vasyl'; Гулюк, В. Я.
The development of systems using unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) is a modern trend in aerospace research. An unmanned aerial vehicle is a moving object, on board of which there is no person during the flight. Such UAVs can be controlled remotely or autonomously follow a pre-programmed path. Unmanned aerial vehicles are mainly used in military operations. However, they also find application in civil needs, such as firefighting. In general, unmanned vehicles are preferred when performing missions unsuitable for manned vehicles. There is a wide range of geometric configurations, means of control and general functioning of UAVs. Aircraft with blade motors have a number of advantages over variants with fixed wings. They primarily include the ability to take off and land vertically, as well as the ability to hover over a fixed point. In addition, helicopter-type UAVs can move in the range of low speeds. One of the possible configurations of helicopter motors is represented by the so-called quadrocopter. A quadcopter is a cross-shaped flying device with motors located at the ends of the device's ribs.